The Great Gatsbys American Dream Essay Example

The Great Gatsbys American Dream Essay The Great Gatsbys American Dream Corrupption â€Å"There are those, I know, who will answer that the freedom of humankind, the opportunity of man and. mind, is only a fantasy. They are correct. It is. It is the American Dream. † (Archibald MacLeish). This statement discusses how the American Dream is just a fantasy. The American is an existence of individual bliss and material solace, and is generally looked for by the people in the U. S. It is just a dream. Creator F. Scott Fitzgerald shows an incredible case of the causes and influences the American Dream has on individuals during the 1920s in his novel, The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald clarifies that the American Dream is out of reach through the characters and their activities and the imagery all through the novel. In the novel Fitzgerald shows that the American Dream is unachievable through Gatsby’s ridiculous picture of the fantasy. Gatsby has been infatuated with daisy for a considerable length of time and went through his time on earth demonstrating that he was commendable enough for her to leave her significant other and take him back. Gatsby accepted cash could fill in for time: â€Å"Can’t rehash the past? [†¦]why obviously you can[†¦] I’m going to fix everything simply the manner in which it was before[†¦]shell see†(Fitzgerald 117). We will compose a custom exposition test on The Great Gatsbys American Dream explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Great Gatsbys American Dream explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The Great Gatsbys American Dream explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Despite the fact that Gatsby reproduced his past condition with cash, he was unable to reproduce the past sentiments that were pulverized by time. Gatsby’s dream is greater than himself. Pundit Casie E. Hermanson composes: â€Å"it is simply the endeavor and the firm conviction that he can accomplish the outlandish that makes Gatsby more than the aggregate of his reality† (Hermanson 78). Gatsby’s dream was more than his own world. It was too huge of a fantasy for him which is the reason he couldn't accomplish it. After Gatsby’s was slaughtered scratch understands that Gatsby’s dream of the East Egg was not all that it was decided to be. Scratch says: â€Å"After Gatsby’s passing the East was spooky for me like that, misshaped past my eyes’ intensity of correction† (Fitzgerald 185). Scratch later on in the novel understands that Gatsby’s dream of the east was degenerate and it wasn’t as extraordinary as it was believed to be. Gatsby’s dream was not accomplished, his fantasy executed him. Gatsby’s incredible American Dream was greater than reality itself which is the reason it was unrealistic to accomplish it. Fitzgerald utilizes heaps of imagery in his novel to get over that the American Dream isn't feasible. One of the imageries that Fitzgerald uses to represent the American Dream is Gatsby’s enormous house. Fitzgerald composes: â€Å"The one on my privilege was a giant issue by any standard †it was an authentic impersonation of some Hotel de Ville in Normandy, with a pinnacle on one side, punishing new under a dainty whiskers of crude ivy, and a marble pool, and in excess of forty sections of land of grass and garden† (Fitzgerald 9). Gatsby’s manor represents that the American Dream makes individuals go through cash untrustworthily and to live childish lives. Realism is by all accounts everything individuals think they have to accomplish the American Dream which is the reason it is preposterous to expect to accomplish it. Fitzgerald likewise utilizes the Valley of Ashes to represent the American Dream not being conceivable to accomplish. Fitzgerald composes: â€Å"This is the valley of cinders †a fabulous ranch where remains develop like wheat into edges and slopes and odd nurseries, where remains appear as houses and stacks and rising smoke[†¦]of men faintly and right now disintegrating through the fine air† (Fitzgerald 27). Fitzgerald utilizes the Valley of Ashes to represent the aftereffect of everyone’s quest for the American Dream and their quest for riches. It is loaded up with remains like it’s been worn out and is messy. It speaks to cultural rot and is fundamentally a dumping ground for each and every individual who has fizzled at accomplishing the American Dream. In the novel Fitzgerald consistently depicts Daisy with light like she’s other-worldly. Pundit Casie E. Hermanson composes: â€Å"Daisy is wearing white and connected with light and daylight all through the novel [†¦] Gatsby’s own dedication to her has a lastingness that Daisy can't satisfy , yet Gatsby appears to be focused on a thought of Daisy that he has made instead of to the genuine lady she is† (Hermanson 77). Daisy is in every case brilliant and portrayed with light in the novel, which represents Gatsby’s picture of her that he has made. In his brain she is other-worldly and great and splendid. However, she isn't the lady he thinks she is. She is a long way from being a holy messenger. The imagery that Fitzgerald utilized in the novel shows that the American Dream doesn't prompt any achievement. Fitzgerald’s tale The Great Gatsby is based around the unethical behavior of the characters and how the unreasonable American Dream causes it. Gatsby’s American Dream makes him and Daisy act corruptly. â€Å"As he left the room again she got up and headed toward Gatsby and pulled his face down kissing him on the mouth† (Fitzgerald 122). Gatsby’s dream is Daisy, who is one of the most improper characters in the novel. When Tom, Daisy’s spouse, leaves the room Daisy undermines him by kissing Gatsby. Gatsby’s Great American Dream was making Daisy be corrupt and undermine her significant other. The American Dream is just causing unethical behavior in the characters’ lives since it is so unreasonable and inaccessible to Gatsby. Gatsby required riches to accomplish his fantasy, in the end Tom makes sense of how he truly got his riches. â€Å"I discovered what your ‘drug stores’ were. [†¦] He and this Wolfshiem purchased up a ton of side-road medicate stores here and in Chicago and sold grain liquor over the counter [†¦] I picked him a smuggler the first occasion when I saw him†(Fitzgerald 139). Gatsby’s just method of accomplishing his fantasy and winning back Daisy’s love is by getting affluent, so he turned into a smuggler. Which is the reason Daisy picked Tom rather than Gatsby, it was a more secure pick. Gatsby’s American Dream was so ridiculous and greater than himself that he needed to fall back on unethical wrongdoing to attempt to accomplish it. In addition to the fact that Gatsby creates his own American Dream, however he reproduces his entire past with misleads make his fantasy feasible. While Nick, the storyteller of the novel, was becoming more acquainted with Gatsby he got him in his own untruths when Gatsby revealed to him that it took him three years to acquire the cash for his chateau. I thought you acquired your money†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ I did old game [†¦] yet I lost the majority of it in the huge [†¦] frenzy of the war. † (Fitzgerald 95). Scratch was astonished when Gatsby guaranteed that he earned the cash to purchase his home on the grounds that Gatsby had vitally revealed to Nick that he lived off of the cash he acquired from family. Gatsby’s American Dream isn't just making him carry out violations and attempt and take a wedded lady from her significant other, it additionally makes him live an untruth and cause everybody around him to accept his lie of an actual existence. The American Dream is causing the entirety of this shamelessness since it isn't reasonable and it is simply a dream. Fitzgerald’s, The Great Gatsby, shows through its characters and their practices and through the imagery in the novel that the American Dream is ridiculous and can't be accomplished. From Gatsby’s unreasonable, greater than himself picture of the fantasy and the violations and falsehoods that he experiences to endeavor to accomplish the fantasy and from the indecency and different characters activities it is shown that the American Dream is only a fantasy. It can't be accomplished particularly not with the ridiculous pictures that Gatsby and a portion of different characters make in their psyches about the fantasy. The subject of the American Dream is as yet significant in reality since it defines an objective. Albeit in some cases the objective for individuals to buckle down for. It gives individuals a reason or something to dream of and make a decent attempt to accomplish. Obviously it is in some cases exceptionally impossible that an individual will accomplish the fantasy however it gives a feeling of expectation or something to anticipate.

Radical Recontruction free essay sample

They additionally recognized the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. Remaking likewise at last settled the states rights versus.. Federalism banter that had been an issue since the backtalk. The Radical Republicans attempted to help the freedmen by controlling congress, and passing acts and revisions, for example, corrections 13, 14, and 15. Which abrogated subjection, gave citizenship, and permitted casting a ballot to every single previous slave. There was additionally the common right demonstration of 1 865 which gives fairness to all residents of the United States. Thusly everybody is dependent upon similar disciplines. These laws were made, yet were not all followed. Despite the fact that these laws were passed to secure the freedmen, the south discovered approaches around them, making the Black Codes and Vigilante gatherings. The Black Codes were intended to confine liberated blacks movement and guarantee their accessibility as a work power. It put extreme limitations on the freedman s status as a free worker, his entitlement to possess land, and his entitlement to affirm in court. We will compose a custom paper test on Radical Recontruction or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Most freedmen wound up turning out to be tenant farmers, which was a type of servitude since they never got an opportunity to be free, since they were continually paying off debtors. They would get some land from the landowners, and pay them back by giving them a portion of their harvests, but since the costs of cotton and different yields diminished by an enormous sum, they would once in a while make enough to take care of their obligation, and carry on with a significant life. This was actually not a type of servitude, yet it should have been, on the grounds that they were caught until they could take care of their obligation, and that sometimes happened.Not just was the working life troublesome, yet the public activity was also. Numerous vigilante gatherings, for example, the Klux Klan were framed. They would assault for the most part blacks, yet in addition carpetbaggers and blackguards. They made it their plan to keep the blacks from casting a ballot, and would execute just to get that going. The Enforcement Act of 1871 was inevitably made to forestall this, however the prejudice and torment towards the freedmen didn't end. At long last, freedmen needed to battle for their social liberties all alone in light of the fact that the northern whites lost their enthusiasm for the Reconstruction by mid-1 offs.Therefore, the Reconstruction finished with numerous objective unaccomplished. All in all, the Radical Reconstruction largy affected the lives of the liberated slaves and the south. It brought the south go into the association, and numerous laws were made to secure the slaves. In spite of the fact that laws were made, not all were followed, and the south discovered approaches around them by making the Black Codes, vigilante gatherings, and sharecropping. All of which constrained the privileges of the freedmen. Subsequently, the Radical Reconstruction was not as viable, in light of the fact that the disappointments exceed the achievement.

Windows Server 2008 and Windows 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Windows Server 2008 and Windows 7 - Essay Example It is additionally arranged to help Hyper-V virtual machines. Windows 7 has an extended security. It has a BitLocker-to-Go that brings the BitLocker encryption capacity to capacity gadgets that are versatile as outer stockpiling gadgets and USB drives (Krebs, 2009). It has an App-Blocker that permits the Information Technology chairmen to control applications utilized by people. It has remote access strategies, for example, direct access that permits portable clients to get to remotely assets with no need of utilizing a VPN. This working framework has been structured in controlling the up and coming age of web administrations, systems and applications. It is multiple times quicker than Windows Server 2003 and accompanies security improvements, virtualization advances, the executives utilities and web apparatuses that help with decreasing expenses and sparing time (Rubens, 2007). This working framework has the capacity of decreasing assault surfaces by running least establishments, and explicit highlights, for example, the NAP and BitLocker. This working framework has Address Space Load Randomization that doesn't empower aggressors to lead support flood assaults on the framework by changing the area of various framework benefits each time the framework is running. The new virtualization highlight found in this working framework empowers clients to make improvement situations effectively and test them without utilizing different assets, in this manner, lessening costs (Rubens, 2007). Rubens, P. (2007, December 12). 10 Coolest Features in Windows Server 2008. Server Watch. Recovered April 15, 2014, from

Mertons theory

Mertons hypothesis Thoroughly analyze Mertons hypothesis and the marking hypothesis of aberrance. I. Presentation Your Essay Outline Expound on Compare and difference Mertons hypothesis and the marking hypothesis of aberrance in the principal sentence. Sum up Mertons Theory in the subsequent sentence. Sum up Labeling Theory of Deviance in the subsequent sentence. Sum up Comparions differentiate in the third sentence. Quickly sum up So to put it plainly, the two speculations attempt to clarify wrongdoing from a social point of view however one clarifies why wrongdoing starts while the other one clarifies why wrongdoing proceeds. in the last sentence of the main section. In second passage you have to develop Mertons Theory. Keep in touch with one sentence summing up Mertons Theory. At that point compose two sentences clarifying Mertons Theory. Make certain to back up your contention for Mertons Theory. In the last sentence progress from Mertons Theory to Labeling Theory of Deviance In third passage you have to develop Labeling Theory of Deviance. Keep in touch with one sentence summing up Labeling Theory of Deviance. At that point compose two sentences clarifying Labeling Theory of Deviance. Make certain to back up your contention for Labeling Theory of Deviance. In the last sentence progress from Labeling Theory of Deviance to Comparions differentiate. In fourth passage you have to develop Comparions differentiate. Keep in touch with one sentence summing up Comparions differentiate. At that point compose two sentences clarifying Comparions differentiate. Make certain to back up your contention for Comparions differentiate. In the last sentence progress from Comparions differentiation to your So to put it plainly, the two hypotheses attempt to clarify wrongdoing from a social viewpoint yet one clarifies why wrongdoing starts while the other one clarifies why wrongdoing proceeds.. In the fifth and last section, sum up Mertons Theory once more. Sum up Labeling Theory of Deviance once more. Sum up Comparions differentiate once more. At that point compose two sentences expressing your So to put it plainly, the two hypotheses attempt to clarify wrongdoing from a social viewpoint however one clarifies why wrongdoing starts while the other one clarifies why wrongdoing proceeds.. Blueprint and evaluate the structionalist topics of wrongdoing and aberrance Basic hypotheses of abnormality are like Mertons hypothesis. They clarify the sources of abnormality as far as the situation of people or gatherings in the social structure. During the 1930s Robert k Merton composed an article entitled Social Structure and Anomie. It got one of the most compelling clarifications of wrongdoing and abnormality. He offered a social instead of mental or organic clarification. Specifically, it was a structionalist hypothesis as it saw the structure of society forming people groups conduct. As indicated by Merton, American culture connects incredible significance to progress and achievement is estimated as far as cash and material belongings. There are standards which characterize genuine methods for making progress. These real methods incorporate picking up abilities and capabilities and professional success. The American dream expresses that anyone can make it to the top on the off chance that they make enough of an effort. So much accentuation is put on material achievement that numerous individuals experience strain to digress from acknowledged standards and qualities. Abnormality happens when they dismiss the objectives of progress as well as the genuine methods for arriving at that objective. For instance, a few people are enticed to utilize nay methods for getting to the top-regardless of whether that includes criminal conduct. Merton alludes to this weight as a strain to anomie. Anomie implies normlessness it alludes to a circumstance where standards no longer g uide conduct, where anything goes. In spite of what the American dream says, not every person has an equivalent possibility at progress. The social structure forestalls equivalent chance. Specifically, the strain to anomie is most emphatically felt by those at the base of the class structure. They are less inclined to procure abilities and capabilities expected to arrive at the top. Therefore, they are bound to look for elective courses to progress. Merton recognizes five potential adjustments or reactions to the strain to anomie in American culture, congruity, development, ceremony, retreatism, resistance. Congruity as per Merton, a great many people adjust notwithstanding the strain to anomie. Regardless of whether they dont make it, they keep on making progress toward progress and follow the regulating methods for arriving. Development, individuals who receive the degenerate adjustment acknowledge the objectives of progress at the same time, in Mertons words, they have little access to ordinary and authentic intends to getting effective. Subsequently, some improve they go to real methods, to wrongdoing. The strain to choose this adjustment is most prominent for those in the lower levels of the class framework. Ceremony, individuals who follow this degenerate course relinquish the objective of achievement, yet stick inflexibly to the standards for instance, individuals in impasse, clerical occupations that follow their sets of responsibilities exactly. Retreatism, this freak adjustment includes a dismissal of both the objective of accomplishment and the regularizing methods for accomplishing it. It applies to individuals who drop out-tramps, tranquilize addicts and constant lushes. Defiance, this includes a dismissal of traditional objectives and implies and their supplanting with choices. The progressive who tries to change society represents this kind of freak adjustment. Mertons strain hypothesis was an early endeavor to clarify wrongdoing and aberrance as far as culture and structure of society. It gave a sociological option in contrast to organic and mental hypotheses. Specifically, it offered a clarification for common laborers wrongdoing. Whatever its shortcomings, Mertons work gave a spike to the advancement of further speculations of wrongdoing and aberrance. Mertons hypothesis raises various unanswered inquiries. Initially, for what reason do individuals however not others receive degenerate adjustments? For instance, for what reason do a few people in the lower levels of the class framework go to wrongdoing yet others don't? Furthermore, Mertons hypothesis centers around people as opposed to gatherings. Wrongdoing and abnormality are frequently aggregate exercises. By what method would this be able to be clarified as far as strain hypothesis? Thirdly, wrongdoing and aberrance are not constantly inspired by a longing for fiscal increase. In what manner can exercises, for example, vandalism and battling between rival posses be clarified as far as Mertons hypothesis? In scan for these answers subculural hypothesis was shaped. Subcultural hypotheses clarify abnormality as far as the subculture of a social gathering. They contend that specific gatherings create standards and qualities which somewhat not quite the same as those held by different citizenry. For instance, a few gatherings of crooks or delinquents may create standards that energize and reward crime. Different citizenry may see such exercises as corrupt, and unequivocally object to them. Subcultual speculations guarantee that aberrance is the aftereffect of people complying with the standards and estimations of the social gathering to which they have a place. Individuals from subcultures are not totally not quite the same as different citizenry: they may communicate in a similar language, wear comparative garments, and connect a similar incentive to family life. In any case, their subculture is adequately not the same as the way of life of society overall to prompt them submitting acts that are for the most part viewed as degenerate. Regularly, basic and sub social hypotheses are joined, as in Albert Cohens investigation of misconduct. The improvement of subcultures is clarified as far as the situation of gatherings and people in the social structure. Cohen was the main humanist to build up a subcultual hypothesis of average workers wrongdoing and aberrance. He inspected reprobate posses in low-salary, downtown regions. Wrongdoing alludes to the lawbreaker and hostile to social demonstrations of youngsters. Cohen concurred with Merton that the standard estimation of achievement makes issues for youthful common laborers guys. Many do seriously at school and neglect to secure the aptitudes and capabilities required for progress. Utilizing Durkheims idea of anomie, Robert K Merton, an American humanist, built up his hypothesis of abnormality by breaking down the American prize framework. Mertons contention is that in an all around directed society, objectives and the methods for accomplishing these objectives are incorporated in that they are accessible to all in the public eye. In certain social orders the acknowledged methods for accomplishing these objectives are not accessible to all, subsequently the individuals who wish to accomplish the objectives, yet can't do as such through genuine methods, must adjust to the circumstance. Merton introduced a typology depicting the methods of adjustment. The significant part of the typology is the connection between the social objectives and the systematized methods for accomplishing them. I will portray the typology in the accompanying passages. Howard S. Beckers marking hypothesis of aberrance declares that abnormality and similarity result, less from what individuals do, yet from how others react to those activities. It examinations how definitions for freak conduct are made by social gatherings. Merton at that point sets out a typology of methods of adjustment as far as similarity, or non-congruity, to social objectives and regulated methods: 1. Development tolerating social objectives however utilizing ill-conceived implies, for instance, property burglary, swindles. 2. Formality adherence to implies while overlooking the objectives, for instance, bureaucratic adherence to routine making a halfhearted effort. 3. Retreatism withdrawal, quitting socially characterized alluring conduct, for instance, drunkards, addicts. 4. Defiance dismissal of objectives and means, however a positive endeavor to supplant them with elective qualities, for instance, political progressives, strict prophets. Mertons examination recommends that degenerate conduct is utilitarian. To begin with, for the people in question, since it empowers them to adjust to the conditions in which they get themselves. Also, second, for society all in all since methods of individual adjustment help to keep up the limits among adequate and non-worthy for

Creating A Home Office Space That Enhances Focus

Creating A Home Office Space That Enhances Focus Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Creating A Home Office Space That Enhances FocusUpdated On 24/11/2019Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2XGg7WP CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWorking from home may initially seem like the ultimate path to work-life balance. However, it is not at all uncommon for professionals to eventually feel a massive lack of motivation as struggling to overcome issues such as self-determination can negatively affect productivity. Working from home hosts countless distractions that may inevitably feel overwhelming, such as the tempting thought of working from your couch or your bed or spending the day convincing yourself that your work is important. Luckily, a few adjustments to your workspace will help reduce the number of distractions in your immediate environment and ultimately enhance your ability to focus on what’s important.Solid Internet Solutio nsConnecting to the internet can be a tedious and ongoing battle for some and while issues such as weak router signal and IP address issues can be time-consuming for professionals who are not entirely tech-savvy, brushing up on your knowledge will ensure you are able to get a handle on your internet needs. You should know how to check your IP and settle on an internet provider that boasts great customer service. Resolving ongoing internet connectivity issues will be one major distraction to be rid of.  Minimalist Office SpaceEven though you may be tempted to create a fun office space by incorporating various decor items and vibrant colours, this will ultimately create a chaotic space that will negatively influence your ability to concentrate and get your work done. It would be best to decorate your office space with a minimalist design in mind. This means only including work-related items and opting for less decor where possible. Your office should boast a neutral colour palette tha t enhances your ability to relax and focus.  READ5 Effective Tips To Promote Your Home Business Through FacebookSuitable LightingPoor lighting can be an underlying culprit for your inability to focus on your work. Rather than neglecting your lighting needs, you should ensure your office lighting is bright enough to avoid the struggle of straining your eyes while working. It would be best to avoid light bulbs to provide an ember or yellow glow as this will deteriorate your eyesight over time. The best type of lighting for office space is usually bright florescent lighting.Practicality Comes FirstMany professionals who take their workspace home make the mistake of indulging in office items that are convenient. It is recommended to include office furniture and a general design plan that maximises the functionality of your space. You won’t need a comfortable recliner to replace your desk chair as this will ultimately prevent you from focusing as your mind will sway more to relaxation. Your office space should be as functional as possible to prevent you from constantly needing to exit your home office to retrieve items you need. Keeping your work life and home life separate when working from home can seem challenging, although, the best way to overcome this dilemma is to completely separate the two physically. This means taking your work to your bedroom or living room should not be a solution at any point.

Feminists in the Wife of Bath - Free Essay Example

The Wife of Bath is a woman who has had a total of five husbands and is in the process of finding a sixth. She declares that experience exceeds knowledge and examines her background with her previous failed marriages. Her initial three marriages were old men who she married during a young age; they died and left her with a considerable amount of property, making her rather wealthy. She then chose to marry her fourth husband right after the death of her third husband. She was hurt that although they were married, her husband kept a mistress and refused to cease the relationship. As her husband was often going on business trips, she used that time that he was gone to cultivate a potential relationship with her fifth husband, Jankyn. Eventually her fourth husband dies and she marries Jankyn, her fifth. Despite claiming she married Jankyn for love, the relationship did not go as planned as he always scolded her and compared her to wicked wives from a book. Finally fed up with the scolding, the Wife of Bath tears a page from her husbands book which he responds by hitting her in the side of the head, so hard that she becomes deaf in one ear. Jankyn then apologizes for doing so and promises he will obey her from now on. She proceeds by burning his book and they begin to live happily after that. Antifeminism is strongly showed in the Wife of Baths character by the way she gains dominance and authority by inserting sexual attributes to each of her husbands. She never makes an effort to be on an equal standing with any of her husbands and resorts to violence as a way to obtain what she wishes. Her initial three husbands are prosperous and old and she even admits to going as far as teasing her husbands in bed in order to receive money from them. Her sexuality is the only authority she has over her husbands and she later realizes that it is slowly dying out. She is brash about her deeds and her actions are carried out of negative stereotypes based on women in that time period. Jankyn is the only husband who treats her abusively and inserts dominance in the relationship, making her submissive like her previous husbands, is iron ically the only husband she truly loves. A true feminist would not strike on men just for personal gain and would demonstrate that she is independent. She also does not do much to do that is anything remotely revolutionary or impactful to women in that time period. She advocates her atrocious behavior with the bible by saying Had God commanded maidenhood to all / Marriage would be commended beyond recall / And certainly if seed were never sown / How could virginity ever be grown? (page 260). She misinterprets it and it makes her appear irrational. This validates the stereotype of women in that time period that they are not competent enough to grasp in depth meanings that are said in the Bible and if they were to be educated on it, they would only twist the words and use it for their sinful benefits, which further leads her to not doing anything empowering for women. Rather than being a radical character with a feminist aim, The Wife of Bath only pursues men who will grant her anything in exchange for sexual acts. I would st rongly recommend this book to people who view medieval times as a time period where women were not allowed to completely act freely, because they will be proven wrong.

So Far International Monetary Fund (Imf) Has Been Failed...

â€Å"So Far International Monetary Fund (IMF) Has Been Failed to Curve Corruption, Reduce Public Spending and Develop Macroeconomic Policies.† What is IMF? The International Monetary Fund and the World Bank were created in 1944 at a conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, and are now based in Washington, DC. Now it is an organization of 188 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world. Nearly all members of the United Nations are members of the IMF with a few exceptions such as Cuba, Lichtenstein and Andorra. (About the IMF:IMF Website) The IMF was originally designed to†¦show more content†¦Ã¢Å"“ Lack of Transparency in Operation: The undemocratic make-up of the IMF s boards is compounded by a lack of transparency in their operations. Still beyond the reach of the public is any knowledge of how decisions have been reached and what the process and reasoning was behind the decisions. For example, at the IMF, executive board documents are published after five years, executive board minutes are released after 10 years, and other archived material is available after 20 years. The time lag means no decisions can be scrutinized until well after they have been implemented. Even when documents are released, they are only available at the IMF s offices in Washington DC. This effectively makes even the archives inaccessible to most politicians, groups and individuals outside the US, an appalling situation tor a global institution. âÅ"“ No Voting System for Taking Any Decision and Electing Managing Director: Normally, there is no formal vote on decisions taken by executive directors. The UK Treasury states that instead they are taken on the basis of consensus. In practice this does not mean that all executive directors agree on the decisions to be taken. In reality, once the chair of the board meeting informally senses a majority to votes has been found on an issue, executive directors in oppositionShow MoreRelatedCameroon Between Cameroon And South Africa Essay10529 Words   |  43 Pagescountries have remained poor, but could become develop because Development economic and Solow`s growth theory have proven that all countries can become develop. Developed countries were also poor some years ago but have become developed over time. The wide gap between developed and underdeveloped countries shows that, underdeveloped countries are not making enough efforts to become develop. Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the reasons why Cameroon has remained underdeveloped. An analysis on howRe ad MoreTrade Openness and Economic Growth in Nigeria23422 Words   |  94 Pages CHAPTER ONE INTROUDCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY The current period in the world economy is regarded as period of globalization and trade liberalization. In this period, one the crucial issues in development and international economics is to know whether trade openness indeed promotes growth. With globalization, two major trends are noticeable: first is the emergence of multinational firms with strong presence in different, strategically located markets; and secondly, convergence of consumer tastesRead MoreProject on Risk Management46558 Words   |  187 Pages Management of Business Finance INDIAN INSTITUE OF FINANCE CORPORATE GUIDE: MR. ASHOK SHARMA ASST. MANAGER AGRA BRANCH, AGRA UTTAR PRADESH. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Expressing gratitude is not just an exercise of formality rather doing so evokes the memories of my association with my mentors and mates. I thank Chairman Prof. J. D. Agarwal and Director Aman Agarwal for allowing me to carry out this project. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my corporate guide, Mr. Ashok SharmaRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesThis page intentionally left blank International Management Culture, Strategy, and Behavior Eighth Edition Fred Luthans University of Nebraska–Lincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright  © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions  © 2009

Joining The Chorus - 1811 Words

One of the greatest spectacles of Ancient Greek history was the art of the Tragedy. Audiences from all over the world would gather in search of theatricality and intellectual expression. This form of theatre held an element that allowed the audience experiencing it, to do so on an entirely new level. The incorporation and creation of the chorus had a tremendous effect on the overall experience of audiences everywhere. The Chorus remains onstage throughout the action of the play to show common emotion that the audience can relate to when the spectacle is being experienced. Their voices overlap, their stories heighten, and the physicality proceeds to compile to the overall escapade that is the chorus. â€Å"The first point is that what the†¦show more content†¦Especially considering how fast the plot can develop at times. Thus, it is crucial to have an external element that oversees the play, yet is no more external than the audience itself. Schiller discusses how art can often excite, move, and provide insight, but poetics does not always deliver this as clearly as an audience member may feel necessary. (The Bride of, pg. 80) â€Å"On these grounds I might safely leave the chorus to be its own advocate, if we had ever seen it presented in an appropriate manner. But it must be remembered that a dramatic composition ï ¬ rst assumes the character of a whole by means of representation on the stage. The poet supplies only the words, to which, in a lyrical tragedy, music and rhythmical motion are essential accessories. It follows, then, that if the chorus is deprived of accompaniments appealing so powerfully to the senses, it will appear a superï ¬â€šuity in the economy of the drama–a mere hinderance to the development of the plot–destructive to the illusion of the scene, and wearisome to the spectators.† (The Bride of, 79) The chorus is a translucent tool of the Greek Tragedy, allowing the audience to peer through them to see a heightened version of the playwright’s poetry. Schiller felt that using these metaphysical principles would bring the audience closest to the realization that the play itself called for. (Martinson, 59) These elementsShow MoreRelatedThe Role of the Chorus in Henry V by William Shakespeare Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of the Chorus in Henry V by William Shakespeare The role of the Chorus in the Shakespeares play, Henry V, is significant. Due to the subject matter that the play deals with, it is hard to present in the way that it deserves. 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Personal Statement On Social Responsibility - 885 Words

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United States Gun Control Problem Essay - 939 Words

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Paradise Lost and The Blazing World Knowledge of...

Paradise Lost and The Blazing World: Knowledge of Knowledge that is Best Left Unknown John Milton set out to write Paradise Lost in order to â€Å"justify the ways of God to men† (1.26). To achieve this grand goal, Milton relies on his reader’s capability to discover a degree of personal revelation within the text. Many scholars have noted Milton’s reliance on personal discovery throughout Paradise Lost; Stanley Eugene Fish points out that discovery operates in Paradise Lost in a way that â€Å"is analogous to that of the Mosaic Law† because it invokes a level of interaction with the reader that is able to â€Å"bring us to the righteousness of Christ† (526-7). This idea of discovery differs from genre because the reader’s personal experiences†¦show more content†¦We see this notion of personal discovery on the part of the reader at work in Margaret Cavendish’s The Blazing World as well as John Milton’s Paradise Lost. In â€Å"Paradise Lost,† Milton shows his reader their shortcomings, but the n demonstrates for them the proper way to contend with these shortcomings through the poem’s dialogue and action, and ultimately, it is up to the reader to learn from what he or she has experienced. The meaning of the poem, according to Stanley Eugene Fish, is â€Å"located in the reader’s experience of it,† and the form of the poem, â€Å"is the form of that experience† (527). This grandiose scheme behind the personal discovery in Paradise Lost is for no other reason than to serve as a means for John Milton to justify the ways of God to mankind (Milton 1.26). All who read Paradise Lost undoubtedly encounter these experiences; however, the degree to which each reader progresses towards a greater understanding of God’s ways is based on the degree of personal relevance that each individual reader finds with the text. In this way, the reader’s progress in not a linear progression, but rather a cyclic and continuous rediscovery through inter action with the text (Fish 526-36). Stanley Eugene FishShow MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesaccording to the Ihwà ¢n al-Safà ¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, and of talismans according to Jabir ibn Hajjà ¢n. The talisman is compared to the elixir of the alchemists (pp.7-9). Magic is to be divided into two parts, theoretical and practical, the first being confined to the knowledge of the heavens (with the parenthesis that speech is a kind of magic) and the second consisting in making use of the natural kingdoms, animal, vegetable and mineral (pp.9-10). This principle of discrimination holds good, by and large, for the arrangementRead MoreMario and the Magician18314 Words   |  74 Pageshad been preordained and lay in the nature of things; that the children had to be present at it was an added impropriety, due to the false colours in which the weird creature presented himself. Luckily for them, they did not know where the comedy left off and the tragedy began; and we let them remain in their happy belief that the whole thing had been a play up till the end. Torre di Venere lies some fifteen kilometres from Portoclemente, one of the most popular summer resorts on the TyrrhenianRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesrigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases are about real companies, and one of the entertaining bits of the analysis process is to compare what you have said they should do with what they really have done. So, it is best not to check the Internet to see current strategies until you have completed your analysis. What follows is one analytical system, a fairly tight one that you may want to adapt according to how much time you have and the style of the case. in the

Down And Out Paris And London Essay Example For Students

Down And Out Paris And London Essay Down and Out Paris and LondonThe story of Down And Out In Paris And London deals with the authorsexperience with tramps and the poverty stricken in Paris and London in the1920s. He lives with them on equal terms and suffers the same hardships andtribulations. Orwell shows great compassion for the plight of the poor and feels thatsociety is very unfair in their criticism and judgment of the tramps and beggarsthat roam the streets. He feels that these people are victims of theircircumstances. To be belligerent towards tramps is no fairer than to be that waytowards invalids and the handicapped, in that they are that way not because theywant to be, but because of their circumstances. In this essay we will explorethe characteristics and personality of a person who lives below the poverty line. Through the author we get a very keen insight into this area of humanexperience. Orwell feels that beggars and tramps have unfair labels and stereotypesattached to them. For example, most people think of tramps as being dangerous. About that Orwell says:Quite apart from experience, one can say a priori that very few tramps aredangerous, because if they were dangerous they would be treated accordingly. Acasual ward will often admit a hundred tramps in one night, and these arehandled by a staff of at most three porters. A hundred ruffians could not becontrolled by three unarmed men. Indeed, when one sees how ramps let themselvesbe bullied by the work house officials, it is obvious that they are the mostdocile, broken-spirited creatures imaginable. (p. 204)About the term drunkard Orwell disagrees also saying:Or take the idea that all tramps are drunkards an idea ridiculous on theface of it. No doubt many tramps would drink if they got the chance, but in thenature of things they cannot get the chance. At this moment a pale watery stuffcalled beer is seven pence a pint in England. To be drunk on it would cost atleast half a crown, and a man who can command half a crown at all often is not atramp. (p. 204)I am not sure that I necessarily agree with this I do not believe thatall tramps are dangerous. I do believe that when one reaches such a desperatelevel of poverty that he would be tempted to do unscrupulous acts to alleviatehis situation. As for all tramps being drunkards, I would not say all, but I do thinkthere is a segment of these people (as there are in any social level) of thosewho live to drink. There are those who will use whatever handout they get tosatisfy this need to drink. Orwell believes that poverty frees people from ordinary standards ofbehavior, that they take on rather eccentric characteristics and give up tryingto be normal. Having lived the life of poverty he discusses the redeemingfeatures of povertythe fact that it annihilates the future. In other words,without money, one does not need to think about the future and just take one dayat a time. Orwell says: Within certain limits, it is actually true that theless money you have, the less you worry. When you have a hundred francs in theworld you are libel to the most craven panics. When you have only three francsin the world you are quite indifferent; for three francs will feed you tilltomorrow, and you cannot think further that that. (p. 16)He says that another feeling associated with poverty is a feeling ofconsolation. Somewhat of a relief that you have finally reached the stage ofbeing down and out and are surviving. .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .postImageUrl , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:hover , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:visited , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:active { border:0!important; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:active , .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u33dac9284a5ca0e94a7701b10eae6a4b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ten Year War Cuba EssayAnother idea is that people tend to think that poor people arefundamentally different from the rich, as if they are another race. Not true,says Orwell In reality there is no such difference, that the rich and poor aredifferent only by their incomes. He expresses this by saying: The averagemillionaire is only the average dishwasher dressed in a new suit. (p. 121)Orwell discusses the powerful effect that ones clothes has on onespersonality and how they affect how one is perceived. Once one puts on theclothes of a tramp, Orwell discovered, one is put in an entirely different world. To begin with, one feels degraded and shameful and one is treated the same way. People react to you differently and women especially have a strong reaction toa mans clothes. When a badly dressed man passes them they shudder away from him with a quitefrank movement of disgust, as though he were a dead cat. (p. 130)Orwellcompares the feeling of the first day in tramps clothes to being in a jail cellsaying You might feel the same shame, irrational but very real, your firstnight in prison. (p. 130)I certainly felt that after reading George Orwells experiences in DownAnd Out In Paris And London that I have a better understanding of people wholive at this level of society. I have probably been too quick to brush them offand attach a certain stereotype to them. Now I understand better theircircumstances and their way of thinking. The Author explains the personality ofa beggar or tramp and I can definitely sympathize more. As George Orwell saidThat is a beginning (p. 216)

The Danger in Trifles Essay Example For Students

The Danger in Trifles Essay Susan Glaspells Trifles is a play about a real life murder case that uses symbolism to help bring it to a close. It is easy to see that Mr. and Mrs. Wright live in a society that is cut off from the outside world and also strongly separated by gender. Three of the key symbols in Glaspells play are a simple bird cage, a quilt, and isolationism. Anna Uong of Virginia Tech and Karen Shelton of JSRCC share these same ideas on symbolism. These three symbols are the main clues that help the reader decide who killed Mr. Wright. The bird cage that was found is one of the most profound symbols in the story. Mrs. Hale describes Minnie as, kind of like a bird herself, real sweet and pretty but kind of timid and fluttery(841). The bird and Minnie are similar because they are both caged in. When Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find the broken birdcage, they think nothing of it until they discover the bird. He was found wrapped in a cloth inside of a small box, with his neck wrung. Mrs. Wright wrapped the dead bird in a silk cloth and placed it inside a fancy box; this symbolises her cherishing of her past life.(Uong, 1) When John strangles the life out of Minnies bird, he also strangles the life out of Minnie. The broken birdcage that was found represents Minnies liberation from John. Just like the bird, Minnie has now freed herself from John by killing him. The second symbol that ties the story together is the quilt, which was symbolic of Minnies life. The quilt that Minnie was working on at the time of her husbands death is almost perfect, except for the most recently sewn block. It is said to be All over the place as if she didnt know what she was about, states Mrs. Hale(840). This is another clue into how enraged and flustered Minnie was. Minnies last straw was when John killed her bird. When the bird died, so did Minnies personality. After that murder, Minnie was enraged, confused, and didnt know what to do. Mrs. Hale wondered if she was goin to quilt it or knot it(840). By quilting the blanket, she would have chosen to endure the pain that John was putting her through, but by knotting the quilt she chose to eliminate it. Just as a knot represents a finishing or a completion of a project, it also was an end to John. The weaving of the quilt also symbolises the building up of the marriage and then the end of it. The quilt started out as a beautiful piece of art and was brought to a close by a couple of sloppy stitches and knots(Uong). Just like the Wrights marriage, the quilt was beautiful until the end where everything was simply a mess. Isolationism also plays a very important role in the story. The Wrights farmhouse is located in a hallow, in the woods. This sets her in a secluded place away from most civilisation. The Wrights didnt even have a phone in their house to be able to call anyone. Mr. Hale came to talk to Mr. Wright about a phone a few times but, he put me off, saying folks talked too much anyway(Glaspell, p.835). This is an example of how Mr. Wright did not want him or his wife to have regular contact with anyone in town, which is another part of John sheltering Minnie and not letting her live her life. This is why Minnies bird was so important to her. It was the only normality to the outside world she had, and Mr. Wright had taken that away from her(Shelton). When John finally killed the bird, he also killed a part of Minnie. .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .postImageUrl , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:hover , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:visited , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:active { border:0!important; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:active , .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93 .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4becee2c13aef97c491f5ae3b5961e93:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: National Crisis Essay Symbolism plays a big role in Susan Glaspells Trifles. Symbolism is what helps the reader decipher who killed Mr. Wright. Glaspell uses a dead bird with its cage, a quilt, and isolationism to create a motive in the mind of the reader. The bird symbolised Minnie herself and how she was suppressed and literally murdered. The quilt symbolised Minnies life and her choices about her husband; and finally the isolationism of Minnie gives her a good motive and reason to want to be free from her husband. Glaspells use of symbolism gets the reader involved in the play and requires the reader to piece together this puzzle of a murder. This .

Sample Essay of Words Or Less - Helping Students Write Better Essays on Their Own

Sample Essay of Words Or Less - Helping Students Write Better Essays on Their OwnHaving a sample essay of words or less that you can download, write, and mail to your teacher can be a real help. Unfortunately, these same students may be asking for more help with their writing, when in fact they should be working on their essay on their own.To start, it is best to start with an essay of words or less. It will give you the idea that you can't do it all by yourself. You may have thought that your writing could only get better with practice.However, you would be surprised at how many students can add a lot of improvement to their papers. However, they don't take the first step of writing a personal essay, nor do they read about it, much less do it. Of course, they just skim the paper for spelling and grammar errors, but these issues won't make the grade anyway.Students should learn how to start to construct their own ideas and writing style. They should also learn how to communicate thei r ideas, no matter how good they are. Many times, they just need a little more help in this area. In addition, the essay of words or less will prepare them for taking the next step, which is writing the essay of words or less.If you take a look at the essay that most students write, you will see that it doesn't have much to do with the teacher or the material being taught. Instead, they are putting a spin on their class assignments, usually to fit in with the material being taught. The essay of words or less will help them see that they don't need to fit in with the other students to be successful.It is not a good idea to have an essay of words or less that is going to duplicate the format of the other students. Instead, you should provide them with several different styles that they can use for their essays. You can then allow each student to pick an essay style, without the other students knowing about it.Finally, students will find that a personal essay is very motivating. They w ill begin to feel more like their own author, instead of being a person trying to conform to the other students' expectations. As they do, they will begin to improve in their studies, which will help them write better essays on their own.Most students find that they can write better essays on their own. Then, they will also be able to get better grades because of the writing help they receive from doing it on their own. These are important benefits, which should be addressed by any student who wants to write a good essay on their own.

Mclibel Case free essay sample

â€Å"A reputation once broken may possibly be repaired, but the world will always keep their eyes on the spot where the crack was. † -Joseph Hall I. Background Analysis There are as many brands in the world as there are stars in the sky. They’re innumerable. However, no matter how many they are, there are those stars that shine the most. This is also the case for the brands in the world. Only a few are able to stand in the international arena. Some try to venture into the world market. However, those brand either don’t last long or they’re devoured by the competition. It is never easy to go international. The world’s top brands were started by normal people with extraordinary determination. And if you don’t have the kind of determination they do, then it’s best for you not to be too adventurous. A few of the brands that dominate the world are Nike, American Express, Samsung, Coca- Cola, Apple, Marlboro, Louis Vuitton, Toyota, Mcdonald’s, and many more. We will write a custom essay sample on Mclibel Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These brands didn’t become what they are overnight. As some would say, â€Å"Rome wasn’t built in a day. † They had to overcome hardships beyond whatever you and I can fathom but that didn’t stop them. For John Pemberton who concocted the formula we now call â€Å"Coke†, the 9 bottle per day he sold didn’t stop him from continuing his business. Today they sell 1. 6 billion servings every day. Samsung started as a grocery store when Lee Byung-chul opened Samsung Sanghoe in 1938. The business grew and became successful and he moved the headquarters to Seoul in 1947. However, when the Korean War broke out, he had no other choice but to leave. So he started a sugar refinery and a woolen mill under the parent company, Samsung. Samsung was banned from selling electronics which they then offered. The ban by president Park Chung-hee lasted for 18 years which gave Samsung 18 years to fine-tune their products and become one of the biggest electronics providers in the world. We also have Louis Vuitton. At the age of 14, little Louis decided to move to Paris from his hometown, Jura. He made the 249-mile journey by foot, picking up odd jobs along the way. With extraordinary hard work, the brand she established is now worth $ 21. 9 billion. Point is, everything starts from somewhere. There isn’t a company in the world that suddenly appeared and dominated the market. It took them years to establish the brand and gain customer loyalty. Having mentioned several humble beginnings of big brands, it’s no surprise that these brands stand on the world market. While there are those that are exclusive, there are also those that are accessible to the public. Take Toyota for example, Toyota cars are everywhere. You can locate a branch in almost any country and any town. When it comes to reaching the public there’s another figure that hasn’t failed the people – Mcdonald’s. McDonalds is the largest chain of fast food restaurants in the world. It has more than 31,000 outlets worldwide. Simply put, It is the most successful food service organization in the world. When Mcdonald’s put on the tagline â€Å"Millions and Millions served†, they weren’t joking. According to their website, Mcdonald’s serves more than 47 million customers every single day. From simple foundations, Richard and Maurice McDonald mastered the art of mass service production and opened a restaurant in San Bernardino, California which â€Å"Speedee Service System which started the trend in modern fast-food restaurant. Mcdonald’s’ original mascost was a man wearing a toque on top of a hamburger shaped head whose name was â€Å"Speedee. † Eventually, Ronald Mcdonald replaced â€Å"Speedee† in 1967 when the company first filed a U. S. trademark on a clown shaped man having puffed out costume legs. McDonalds first filed for a U. S. trademark on the name McDonalds on May 4, 1961, with the description Drive-In Restaurant Services, which continues to be renewed through the end of December 2009. The McDonalds Golden Arches logo was introduced in 1962. It was created by Jim Schindler to resemble new arch shaped signs on the sides of the restaurants. He merged the two golden arches together to form the famous M now recognized throughout the world. Schindlers work was a development of the stylized v logo sketched by Fred Turner, which was conceived as a more stylish corporate symbol than the Speedee chef character that had previously been used. The McDonalds name was added to the logo in 1968. The first McDonalds restaurants opened in the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, Japan, the Netherlands, Germany, Australia, France, El Salvador and Sweden, in order of openings. Mcdonald’s dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc on April 15, 1955, the ninth Mcdonald’s restaurant overall. Kroc later on bought the Mcdonald’s brothers’ equity in the company which helped it step into the world market and boosted its international marketability potential which landed them on the public stock markets in 1965. Kroc was also noted for aggressive business practices, compelling the McDonald brothers to leave the fast food industry. The McDonald brothers and Kroc feuded over control of the business, as documented in both Krocs autobiography and in the McDonald brothers autobiography. The site of the McDonald brothers original restaurant is now a monument Now, having mentioned Mcdonald’s, what will make the â€Å"Golden Arches† fall even for an instant? Let me rephrase that, has it fallen before? The answer is, yes. The smooth sailing of Mcdonald’s took a bumpy turn in the the early 1900’s until late. It was basically a battle between David and Goliath. It really began with one person, with Helen just saying, I cant apologize. Just one person saying, No, I wont bow down. Eric Schlosser, Author of Fast Food Nation In 1986, a group called the London Greenpeace, splinter group of Greenpeace International, started distributing pamphlets containing allegations against Mcdonald’s. The pamphlet focused on a variety of social and environmental issues such as animal cruelty, exploitative marketing (in McDonald’s advertising campaigns aimed at children), rain forest depletion and the perceived negative health value of McDonald’s products. To stop London Greenpeace from further distributing and printing these leaflets, Mcdonald’s decided to take matters into court. The trial started in 1994 at the Royal Courts of Justice in London. A witty reporter called the case between Mcdonald’s and Steel and Morris the McLibel Trial, a nickname that stuck, and Steel and Morris became the McLibel Two. McDonald’s asserted that all claims in the pamphlet were without basis and false, but the case became a field day for the media when top McDonald’s executives were forced to take the stand to be questioned by the two activists. II. Situation Analysis There were numerous issues involving the McLibel. Some of which are: Legal To counter the allegations made by London Greenpeace represented by Helen Steel and Dave Morris, Mcdonald’s decided to file a lawsuit against these two. McDonalds could not sue London Greenpeace because it was only an association of individuals, so they picked five activists and told them to apologize or be sued in court. The company issued libel writs against five activists but three backed down and apologized. For Steel and Morris, however, the threat of legal action also represented an opportunity, an opportunity to get a bigger audience – the world. The trial did provide a much larger platform for their views than they would ever have been given standing outside McDonald’s restaurants distributing pamphlets and telling people what’s wrong with Mcdonald’s. Surprisingly, what people thought was an easy case of Goliath crushing Dave took a different turn. The trial became the longest in the British history with a total of 313 days in court. And as the case progressed, so too did the interest of the media. Soon enough, the world is listening to every word uttered in court, people listened to what were the things being discussed in the courtroom. Every single statement made in the original pamphlet was discussed and dissected not only in court, but in news studios around the world. This was a mammoth legal battle between the $30 billion a year earner McDonalds Corporation and two London Greenpeace supporters, Helen Steel, a gardener, and Dave Morris, a postman. The company decided to go to court because they wanted to stop the stop publication of the leaflet Whats Wrong with McDonalds. The leaflet has been distributed worldwide since 1984. Its contents have been repeated in the media, schools and even church magazines. With 180 witnesses called to testify on the case, the company endured humiliation after humiliation as the court heard claims of food poisoning, failure to pay legal overtime, bogus recycling claims and corporate spies sent to infiltrate the ranks of London Greenpeace. Mcdonald’s has resources beyond any of us can imagine may it be financial, legal, or human resources whilst Steel and Morris didn’t have money at the time the trial took place. Therefore, they couldn’t afford legal services. But despite this obstacle and the fact that both didn’t have extensive knowledge on the inner working of the court, they decided to take matters into their own hands and fight the case themselves. When verdict was read on June 19,1997, Mcdonald’s triumphed and claimed victory while Steel and Morris were ordered to pay damages. As part of their plan to show the people that Mcdonald’s is forgiving, they didn’t force the two to pay the damages which originally was ? 60,000 which was later cut by a third when the court accepted some of the accusations of London Greenpeace. Industry In what way are McDonalds responsible for torture and murder? ’ Is one of the questions asked in the pamphlet ‘What’s wrong with Mcdonald’s. ’ Yes, they are responsible for murders, but not of people but of animals. The justification for conferring rights on animals is that animals are in many important ways like humans. Animals are sentient creatur es. They feel pleasure and pain, experience emotions, remember, anticipate and learn. What happens to them is important for them, unlike what happens to a rock or a stone. So, if you argue that humans deserve rights, by simple extension you can argue that animals also deserve rights. The menu at Mcdonald’s are mostly made of meat. From burgers to nuggets, whatever meat it is, it’s still meat. And everyday, in all the branches of Mcdonald’s worldwide, they serve meat and meat comes from animals. Meaning, each day they have to kill and slaughter animals to serve to the customers to stay in business. Most of the animals they breed – especially the chickens and the pigs – experience a slow death. These animals are deprived of air and sunshine and freedom of movement. This served as wake up call to the food service industry. One of the accusations of London Greenpeace was the cruel and barbaric treatment of the animals Mcdonald’s serves to the people. They allegedly brutally slaughtered animals. The slaughterhouses supplying chickens to McDonalds dump the birds out of their transport crates and hang them upside down on their way to being killed. Chickens often suffer broken bones, extreme bruising, and hemorrhaging as they wait in fear to have their throats cup open while still conscious. Many birds are immersed in tanks of scalding-hot water—alive and able to feel every bit of the pain. A British government report even pointed out that the stunning methods were insufficient leaving the animals conscious while their throats being slit, bellies being opened, and a lot more. This was a clear justification of breaking animal rights. If more people were aware of where their fast food comes from and how it’s produced, they would likely think twice before ordering a Big Mac or a cheeseburger. Environmental Its a simple concept really. Mcdonald’s faced a challenging predicament when they were faced with the environmental issues that were put into the limelight. Basically, McDonalds sells beef. Many beef suppliers get their beef from Central and South American countries. They, along with other fast food chains were said to be poisoning lands of South and Central American to create a grazing pastures for cattle to be shipped to the States into forms of burgers and pet food, and to provide fat-food packaging materials. These cattle farms are usually placed on rainforest land that had been cut and cleared. The poor soil of the rainforest can only sustain life for up to a decade. The beef suppliers must move their farms every few years and consequently destroy more rainforest to accommodate the farm. Rarely does the forest regrow, even if replanted. 70% of the moisture that makes a rainforest a rainforest originates from the transpiration of the leaves on the vegetation. Once that vegetation is removed for a few years and then replaced when its bovine purpose is complete, the species of the rainforest cannot reestablish themselves because of the now lack of moisture they need to survive. Using cleared rainforest land for cattle grazing is short lived; no land is more ill-suited to extensive livestock production. Trees serve as vital links in the water and nutrient cycles of the rainforest, absorbing most of the rainfall. When tree cover is removed, the underlying soil is no longer protected from the pounding rain and it rapidly loses important nutrients. Therefore, preventing the earth and the trees for a chance of growing back. Grass for cows does not grow on this land for long and is quickly replaced by weeds and shrubs. Most pasture obtained by way of rainforest destruction is discarded after it has served its purpose. The pamphlet also mentions that the people shouldn’t believe Mcdonald’s’ claims that the paper they use are 100 % recycled, only a small part of it is. Mcdonald’s has to cut down 800 square miles of forest just to keep them supplied with paper for one year. Tons of this end up littering the cities of developed countries. The urban cities weren’t the only ones involved in the claims made by London Greenpeace, there’s also the issue of colonial invasion. Tribal people were forced to leave their ancestral territories where they have lived peacefully for decades without causing harm to the environment they have tediously taken care of for thousands of years. This kind of incident isn’t something new when it comes to the viciousness of multinational companies in their endless search for things to sacrifice in order to achieve their ultimate goal- profit. â€Å"Its no exaggeration to say that when you bite into a Big Mac, youre helping the McDonalds empire to wreck this planet. † Social It was a very strategic move when Mcdonald’s positioned their advertisements towards getting the attention of the children. Business-wise, it was brilliant. However, when viewed in another light, it was clearly a form of exploitation. Advertising aimed at young children should be restricted because youngsters cannot evaluate it properly. Children under age 8 tend to assume advertising is truthful and unbiased. Therefore, they form a perception that what they see on TV is the truth. And Mcdonald’s took advantage of this, within the constraints the law, they used or rather use,because they still do it today, their thirty-second commercials to target the youth to be the decision-makers, convincing their parents to buy the advertised toys, foods, drinks other products. Inherent in this argeting, especially of the very young, are the advertisers; fostering the youths loyalty to brands, creating among the children a loss of individuality and self-sufficiency, denying them the ability to explore and create but instead often encouraging poor health habits. The children demanding advertisers products are influencing economic hardships in many families today. These children, targeted by advertisers, are so vulnerable to trickery, are so mentally and emotionally unable to understand reality because they lack the cognitive reasoning skills needed to be skeptical of advertisements. Children spend thousands of hours captivated by various advertising tactics and do not understand their subtleties. What’s more, when these children start to be attracted to a certain meal or toy from a happy meal, they have a tendency to never stop asking them from their parents. Health Many of the unhealthy facts of fast food have only been brought to light in recent years. Film documentaries and books may have done more for society in this aspect than doctors and scientists recommendations. The average person is probably more likely to watch a movie than read a scientific document. They may heed their doctor’s advice, but only if they have a health problem. Many people understand the fast food risks, but are unable to resist the constant temptation created by having four or five restaurants within walking distance. Researchers have found that fat and sugar have the same effect on brain chemistry as addictive drugs, just to a lesser degree. You have to add that physical effect to the psychological ones caused by childhood memories of playgrounds and kid’s meals. It would be hard for anyone to resist that kind of temptation. Changes in healthy cholesterol levels are fast food risks that have been studied by scientists. In one study, after just one week of overeating by consuming fast foods twice a day, 16 out of 18 volunteers participating in the study had a significant increase in cholesterol levels. The increase was significant enough to increase their risk of heart disease. Next time you take a week long vacation, you may want to think twice before eating out twice a day. Heart disease is the main risk. Being overweight and having high cholesterol levels are risk factors for heart disease. Other possible risks include nutritional deficiencies, stomach ailments and cancer. Consumption of trans-fats specifically has been associated with an increased risk of stomach and colon cancer. Most of the baked goods you find at those restaurants are made using trans-fats. Despite the unhealthy facts of fast food, there are millions of fast food chains in the world that are still being patronized by people despite their knowledge of the risks. If more people were aware of where their fast food comes from and how it’s produced and what they contain, they would likely think twice before ordering that Big Mac or a cheeseburger. Whether it’s deliberate or not, there’s little information given by Mcdonald’s about the nutritional information of the food served at Mcdonald’s which it is guilty of. III. Implications/ Consequences/ Parallelism/ Values Fast food is something that has gained global recognition especially in modern cities around the world that has made eating fast food a daily routine. What started as a trend evolved into a culture in which the modern society depends on. In this country, many people eat fast food regularly, for example, Filipinos grab a bite at a nearby Fast food restaurant any time of the day. This is mainly due to the convenience of fast food. The word fast food says it all. The food is prepared fast and also eaten fast. It is prepared fast as the food is highly processed which means that the food has been altered from its original state for the convenience of fast preparation. The food is then eaten fast as customers require little or even no utensils to enjoy their hamburger or fried chicken. There are many fast food franchises in the fast food industry. There are franchises such as Kentucky Fried Chicken(KFC) , Bruger King and also Long John Silver. But only one franchise stand out from all the other fast food restaurants and that franchise is something that almost everyone in the world knows about. That franchise is McDonald’s. Sociologist,George Ritzer, has even coined the term ‘McDonaldization’ of society emphasizing the growth of the corporation. Ritzer coined the term to describe societies that operate efficiently and predictably, much like how McDonald’s operate. Even in most countries, McDonald’s prove to be the choice of the hungry. During lunch hour, many working adults and students would choose to have their lunch at Mcdonald’s. McDonald’s was the first fast food restaurant to use an assembly line-like system to prepare its food which was called the Speedee system. Speedee system emphasized on quick and efficient meals that can be prepared and served quickly and easily and also of a good quality. The restaurant even had a mascot named Speedee before it was eventually replaced by the clown we know today as Ronald McDonalds. The McDonald’s corporation is also associated with controversy, possibly due to size of the corporation and its competition. McDonald’s has been debated over many things such as obesity,   corporate ethics and damage to environment. McDonald’s has tried to respond to many of this criticisms. One of the popular cases that dragged the name of this company is the McLibel. McLibel is the true story of a postman and a gardener who took on McDonalds and wouldnt say McSorry, in a legal battle since described as the biggest corporate PR disaster in history. McDonalds loved using the UKs libel laws to suppress criticism. Major media organizations like the BBC and The Sun had crumbled and apologized. But then McDonalds sued penniless activists Helen Steel and Dave Morris. In what became the longest trial in English legal history, the McLibel 2 represented themselves against McDonalds USD$19 million legal team. Every aspect of the corporations business was cross-examined: from junk food and McJobs, to animal cruelty, environmental damage and the companys advertising to children. Outside the courtroom, Dave brought up his young son alone and Helen supported herself working nights in a bar. McDonalds tried every trick in the book against them. For example, visits from top U. S. executives flying to London for secret settlement negotiations. Even spies. McLibel is not about hamburgers. It is about the power multinational corporations wield over our everyday lives and two unlikely heroes who are changing McWorld. The marketing strategy of McDonald is something that has helped them immensely to become one of the to regain their reputation as the most popular fastfood franchise in the world. Despite that, parents are concern with McDonald’s’ marketing strategy as their little ones are heavily involved in it. That is because McDonald’s marketing strategy is to attract children to eat in their restaurant. There are many ways in how McDonald’s does it. One of them is through the inclusion of the happy meal which is a miniature versions of their normal meals just for children. But what really attracts children is the free toys that is accompanied with the meal. Varying from Strawberry Shortcake toys all the way to Hotwheels, McDonald’s have been employing this tactic of giving away free toys just so that children would choose to eat at McDonalds’. A concerned parent has also taken McDonald’s to court over McDonald’s strategy of giving away free toys. Mrs Monet Parham is suing McDonald’s of â€Å"getting into her child’s mind without her permission†. She felt that her daughter, Maya Parham, is going to McDonald’s and buy the happy meal just for the sake of getting the free toy. Even in other countries, McDonald’s have been attracting children in many ways. Every morning, the McDonald’s staff would give out balloons to the young ones. They even advertise their happy meal on television, about the toys and not the food which comes in the happy Meal. But why Children? The answer to that is because Children always are accompanied by older people. Adults who accompany their children to McDonald’s would also buy food for themselves while they accompany their Child. This is similar to the analogy of catching two fishes with only one bait. You can say that this is unethical, because they’re using children to regain what reputation they lost during the McLibel trial. IV. Conclusion People make mistakes. And since people run this world, it is understandable that whatever it is, if it’s run by a person or a group of people, something could potentially go wrong. If a wrong decision is made, it affects verything within and sometimes outside its territories. â€Å"If public relations practitioners are to assess issues successfully and identify publics that are likely to become active on those issues, they must look beyond the confines of their own culture and beyond the borders of their own country,† Anderson (1992) To sum it all up, Mcdonald’s may have won the battle but they ultimately lost the war. To the majority, Steel and Morris may have looked like ants battling a slowly descending foot, but little did they know that Steel and Morris used Mcdonald’s libel case to their advantage. McDonald’s can afford the best lawyers in town and pay them beyond what they normally receive, they can use their wealth to do a lot of things, but one thing they weren’t able to do with the money they have was to use it to analyze the situation and not underestimate the power of the people which was what they did. Mcdonald’s not only underestimated the people, they also underestimated technology – internet. During the time of the trial, internet became popular. I remember when I first experienced the power of the Internet. I was in elementary school hanging out with a friend. We decided to go to a computer shop and got online to chat. Of course, that led to starting trouble within the chat room and getting kicked out, but the feeling of connecting gave us a sense of power to connect to the world. This power gave the ‘McLibel’ two the opportunity to reach the world, aside from using the tri-media to be heard. With the internet, one voice produce echoes from different people having the same opinion. Another point that Mcdonald’s didn’t notice was money isn’t everything. They may have the finances to employ and hire the world’s best lawyers and pay them double, but that doesn’t mean that the suit is won. Last thing about Mcdonald’s, they forgot to look at the bigger picture. They just focused their attention on people distributing leaflet, which has no assurance that the public would believe, and forgot that by focusing too much on these people and filing cases against them that the media would know, would highlight the whole cause of the people going against them. Mcdonald’s helped these people to spread the things on the leaflet since each and every line on the leaflet would be scrutinized by the media. People may forget all that had happened in the McLibel case after several decades, however, if the internet remains, people will have access to what had happened when Goliath (Mcdonald’s) tripped because of the wit of David (Steel and Morris). V. Personal Learning and Insights I wasn’t aware that Mcdonald’s encountered this kind of problem until the film was shown to us. As someone studying public relations, I must say that this may be the gravest mistake a PR practitioner can ever make. Before taking action, an effective PR practitioner should assess all the possible results of an action. When I say all, I mean all. All the negative and positive outcomes should be taken into consideration since not everything goes according to plan. Mcdonald’s must’ve thought that Steel and Morris being simple citizens couldn’t do much to affect the operation of the company. They underestimated them. And this underestimation caused them to walk down the road of humiliation more than once. Personally, I think Mcdonald’s considered this just a MINOR setback. The corporation may have spent a hefty amount on legal fees but that’s something they can earn overnight. Their reputation may have been tarnished by this incident but like every negative thing there is, it can be forgotten. People now barely remember what happened with this David and Goliath battle. While I applaud the determination of Helen Steel and Dave Morris, I would have to admit that all they did was temporarily hinder Mcdonald’s. They may have closed a store, but the name still lives. Comparing it to a spider, even a leg is unable to move, if the head remains, the animal still lives. I wouldn’t say that what they did was a complete waste of time because they were able to make a difference. They were able to prove that even normal citizens can topple down a giant, even if it was just for a short while. What theyve actually done is to hold McDonalds accountable to society on behalf of society. And I think they are heroes of our time. Dan Gallin, Intl. Union of Food Workers, Witness I do appreciate these two persons in the movie – Helen and Dave. They may have lost the suit but they won the public’s attention. After watching the documentary, I thought a lot and learned that winning a suit doesn’t mean winning the law. As you can see from the movie, Mcdonald’s can use its strong financial resources to employ top lawyers and even to â€Å"control† the court but the ‘McLibel two’ were still able to get their point across. They were able to show people that McDonalds is a symbol of corporate evil using animals, nature and people merely as means to make a profit. The McLibel Trial received worldwide coverage in the media for the right of ordinary people to freedom of speech against powerful multi-nationals. VI. 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